This book serves as a key to understanding the distinctive politics and culture of the Song Dynasty and to comprehensively grasping the political evolution of the era. Transcending conventional ancient political historiography, it reveals the intricate interplay between politics and culture, offering new insights for studying political history through a cultural lens. The work adopts a unique approach by examining the concept of “The Ancestors’ Instructions” (zuzong zhi fa) of the Song regime. Through meticulous analysis of its formation, connotations, and impact, the book demonstrates how this concept evolved into a comprehensive system characterized by a clear, stable core ethos complemented by a flexible and expansive periphery. Its fundamental purpose was to safeguard the stability of political institutions and social order. The author further explores the profound influence of these “The Ancestors’ Instructions” on various policies and historical events throughout the Northern Song period, ultimately revealing the defining features of the autocratic bureaucratic political and cultural ethos under the Song regime.