Huangdi Neijing, literally the Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor has been treated as a fundamental doctrinal source for Chinese medicine and a treasured masterpiece of traditional Chinese culture. This ancient work serves both as an essential text in the study of Chinese medicine, and as an important gateway for those in other fields to understand traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). But what kind of book is Huangdi Neijing? How did it come to be known as the most revered classic of TCM? This book addresses four key aspects: Huangdi Neijing’s origins, its core medical theories, the transmission of different versions, and its impact on modern TCM practice. The author begins with four thought-provoking questions that cut to the heart of the Huangdi Neijing, then develops answers through careful analysis of the original text. Focusing on questions that resonate with readers and closely connect with traditional Chinese culture—such as “Does TCM involve anatomy?”, “What exactly are meridians?”, and “How does one live out their natural lifespan?”—the author cross-references complex medical theories with ancient novels, poetry, excavated medical texts and cultural relic, and even everyday experiences. Written in a clear and smooth style, this book offers a profound sense of traditional wisdom and the distinctive understanding of life embodied in Chinese medicine.